Issue 156
Futures, Safety & Human Agency
Fear of AI concentrates power too
An argument for independent AI safety oversight, proportionate controls and broad access, examining regulatory capture and the human costs of unjustified delay.
A thread through the archive · 36 essays
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
The infrastructure, capital and choices that determine who controls artificial intelligence.
Search within this topicIssue 155
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
AI sovereignty: five conditions for the power to decide
Electricity, compute, oversight, people and capital: what countries need to turn a claim of AI sovereignty into the power to decide.
Issue 153
Government & Public Services
It would take gods to give laws to humans
Pablo Martín Diez reviews José Ignacio Latorre’s proposal for a social contract encompassing nature, humanity and AI, examining legitimacy and concentrated power.
Issue 148
Government & Public Services
Zero compute
Summer fiction about allocating scarce public AI capacity during a heat emergency, revealing hidden dependencies and unequal local resilience.
Issue 142
AI in Practice
Before the shutdown: a conversation and a practical test with Fable 5, the most advanced AI model to date
A historical interview and practical website-building experiment with Claude Fable 5, framed by the model's withdrawal in June 2026.
Issue 141
AI in Practice
AI returns to the desktop: why local models are worth trying
A practical invitation to try local AI models, with historical examples of tools, hardware and the political case for greater technological autonomy.
Issue 140
Government & Public Services
From the Vatican to Silicon Valley: the encyclical that turned AI into a moral dispute about power
The global debate around Magnifica humanitas: AI, moral authority, technological power, Anthropic and the common good.
Issue 139
Government & Public Services
From tools to industries
Juan Segundo Hevia examines how AI companies move from general tools into industry workflows, and what this means for regulation and sovereignty.
Issue 134
Government & Public Services
How councils can lead the transformation of local government through artificial intelligence without leaving anyone behind
Román Robles Valades sets out how municipalities can adopt AI responsibly, connecting staff development, data sovereignty and better public services.
Issue 133
Futures, Safety & Human Agency
Three possible futures for artificial intelligence in 2030
Three alternative AI futures for 2030 — plateau, sustained ascent and rapid take-off — and why strategic preparation must work across all three.
Issue 127
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
Who leads AI? Twelve key players in the model race, 2026
A historical guide to twelve AI model developers and deployment players, their products, institutional significance and competing strategic priorities.
Issue 125
Democracy, Elections & Public Trust
Super Bowl LX: half-time as a fault line between political assertion and the AI war
Super Bowl advertising as miniature political theory: AI companies compete over trust, convenience, business models and cultural legitimacy.
Issue 121
Government & Public Services
AI has crossed the 15% chasm, and the digital divide is widening: Microsoft's global report on AI diffusion in 2025
What Microsoft’s 2025 adoption report suggests about institutional strategy, the widening digital divide and the challenge of turning AI use into public value.
Issue 120
Government & Public Services
CES 2026 confirms a new phase: AI as ‘electricity’
A historical assessment of CES 2026: universal AI access, Nvidia's physical AI infrastructure, on-device assistants, autonomous agriculture and preventive care.
Issue 108
Futures, Safety & Human Agency
Clarity in the age of machines: five thinkers to understand AI and the human future
Five perspectives on AI’s future—from geopolitical urgency and technical control to economic incentives and relational ethics—and the case for addressing both future and present harms.
Issue 107
Government & Public Services
The year reasoning became real: what State of AI 2025 tells governments and public policymakers
A reading of State of AI 2025 for public policy, covering reasoning, energy, geopolitics, commercial adoption and safety, with the report’s full prediction slides.
Issue 100
Government & Public Services
One hundred issues on: politics still has its back turned to advances in AI
On estrategIA's hundredth issue, Fernando reflects on the widening gap between AI progress and political engagement.
Issue 099
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
Supercomputing and AI: strategic investments to avoid irrelevance
Pep Martorell explains why computing infrastructure, scientific talent and international cooperation are essential to avoid irrelevance.
Issue 089
Futures, Safety & Human Agency
BOND’s 2025 report: a portrait of an irreversible transformation
Seven findings from BOND’s AI trends report, covering adoption, investment, falling inference costs, China, work and the next technological frontiers.
Issue 088
Government & Public Services
Google Cloud Summit Madrid 2025: generative AI and the future of the public sector, with ALEPH Educational Institution as VIP guest and reporter
Gabriela Ortega Jarrín reports from Madrid on public services, sovereign cloud, AI skills, regulation and competition between cloud providers.
Issue 082
Government & Public Services
AI Index 2025: the state of AI in politics and public power
Stanford's AI Index 2025 through the lens of regulation, public investment, geopolitical competition, responsible AI and public trust.
Issue 077
Futures, Safety & Human Agency
The age of thinking machines: navigating Lassalle's “Artificial Civilisation”
A review of José María Lassalle's Civilización artificial, its case for technological humanism and its account of AI, power and the future of work.
Issue 076
Government & Public Services
AI takes the lead: what Mobile World Congress 2025 tells us about the digital future
MWC 2025's AI announcements and the implications for mobile networks, public administration, regulation and future services.
Issue 072
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
At the Paris summit, AI moves forward and the debate shifts from concern to massive investment
An assessment of the Paris AI Action Summit’s investment announcements, competing regulatory approaches and shift towards coordinated action.
Issue 070
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
Stargate: $500 billion for AI — the most ambitious technology project in history?
A January 2025 assessment of Stargate's projected investment, infrastructure ambitions, historical comparisons and the Musk-Altman dispute.
Issue 069
Government & Public Services
Artificial intelligence in the new Trump era: an analysis in five dimensions
Five dimensions of AI policy at the start of Trump's second term: regulation, industry, geopolitical competition, advisers and social consequences.
Issue 059
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
Five ways the Trump administration could change the course of artificial intelligence
A November 2024 outlook on deregulation, ideological bias, energy, competition with China, military applications and Elon Musk's possible influence on US AI policy.
Issue 056
Democracy, Elections & Public Trust
Humanity at its final frontier
Pablo Martín Diez examines Harari’s Nexus, digital empires and four principles for protecting democratic life in an age of AI.
Issue 055
Futures, Safety & Human Agency
State of AI Report 2024: accelerating progress and a new technological era
A review of the State of AI Report 2024 across research, industry, politics and safety, including its assessment of earlier forecasts and predictions for 2025.
Issue 039
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
The AI race in 2024: the world's biggest companies go all in while politics takes tentative steps
A mid-2024 assessment of private investment, public-sector readiness and the widening gap between AI development and preparations for its social consequences.
Issue 026
Government & Public Services
Singapore: shaping the future in the light of artificial intelligence
Fernando Ujaldón examines Singapore’s national AI strategy, public-service projects, workforce preparation and lessons for other countries.
Issue 011
Government & Public Services
Marathon EU negotiations culminate in agreement on the world's first cross-sector AI law
The December 2023 provisional AI Act agreement, its biometric safeguards and the debate over Europe's ability to combine regulation with innovation.
Issue 008
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
The end of OpenAI? Sam Altman's dismissal unleashes a storm in the AI world
A contemporaneous account of OpenAI's November 2023 leadership crisis and the tensions between research, commercial deployment, safety and corporate power.
Issue 006
Futures, Safety & Human Agency
The first major international AI safety summit: seeking harmony between progress and precaution
The 2023 Bletchley Park summit brought agreements on AI safety, while leaving difficult questions about regulation, openness and international cooperation.
Issue 004
Power, Sovereignty & Geopolitics
The silent battle: China, the United States and the race for AI supremacy
Pablo Martín Diez examines Kai-Fu Lee's account of China's AI advantages and the social contract needed in a world reshaped by automation.
Issue 002
Government & Public Services
AI at a political crossroads: Mustafa Suleyman on the containment problem
Mustafa Suleyman's ten steps for containing advanced technologies, and what they demand of governments and international cooperation.